A Manly Reply

The Manly Art of Observation and Deduction

The Authors’ Reply

The Authors’ Reply

Gentlemanly politeness and manly simplicity in Victorian England.

Between the late eighteenth century and the mid-nineteenth century the notion of the 'polite gentleman' lost its political purchase. 'Manliness' became the identifying code of both the business class and the 'respectable' working class. The virtues of rugged individualism and personal integrity were emphasised at the expense of sociability and ease of manner. In the political sphere debates abo...

Circularity in Searle’s Social Ontology: With a Hegelian Reply

John Searle’s theory of social ontology posits that there are indispensable normative components in the linguistic apparatuses termed status functions, collective intentionality, and collective recognition, all of which, he argues, make the social world. In this paper, I argue that these building blocks of Searle’s social ontology are caught in a petitio of constitutive circularity. Mo...